REKONSTRUKSI REGULASI KEKARANTINAAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN PANDEMI CORONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) DALAM KEDARURATAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ditetapkan WHO sebagai
Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat Yang Meresahkan Dunia dan global pandemi, menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan kesehatan pada masyarakat Indonesia. Peningkatan jumlah kasus berlangsung cukup cepat, dan menyebar ke berbagai negara dalam waktu singkat dan jumlah kematian semakin meningkat berdampak pada aspek politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, pertahanan dan keamanan, serta kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Permasalahan mengapa kasus COVID-19 meningkat dan cepat penyebarannya, bagaimana regulasi kekarantinaan kesehatan terhadap penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 dalam kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat yang berlaku saat ini, dan
bagaimana rekonstruksi regulasi kekarantinaan kesehatan terhadap penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 dalam kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif empiris, dianalisis kualitatif, dengan paradigma konstruktivisme, menekankan pada regulasi kekarantinaan kesehatan terhadap penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 dalam kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingginya kasus dan kematian
COVID-19 disebabkan karena faktor eksogen (lingkungan, perilaku manusia, pelayanan kesehatan dan kebijakan) dan faktor endogen (virus dan daya tahan tubuh manusia). Regulasi kekarantinaan kesehatan dalam penanggulangan
pandemi COVID-19 dalam kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat masih banyak kelemahan, disebabkan harmonisasi regulasi satu dengan regulasi lainnya yang belum sinkron dan implementasi substansi hukum regulasi kekarantinaan kesehatan belum memberikan hasil optimal dalam penanggulangan pandemi
COVID-19 tidak berjalan optimal. Rekonstruksi substansi hukum diperlukan pada pasal 2, Pasal 44, Pasal 48, dan Pasal 52 Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Kekarantinaan Kesehatan; Pasal 3 dan Pasal 6 Peraturan
Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar; Pasal 3 dan Pasal 4 Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 9 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pedoman Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar; dan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan
Nomor HK.01.07/MENKES/413/2020 Tentang Pedoman Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Rekomendasi untuk Pemerintah agar Pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah bersinergi, lebih siap dalam penyediaan sumber daya. Petugas harus menjalankan tugasnya sesuai standar prosedur operasional. Masyarakat harus turut serta
berpartisipasi aktif dalam penanggulangan pandemi COVID- 19.
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Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was designated by WHO as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern and a global pandemic, causing health problems in the people of Indonesia. The increase in the number of cases is quite rapid, and spread to various countries in a short time and the number of deaths is increasingly impacting the political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects, as well as the welfare of people in Indonesia. The problem of why COVID-19 cases are increasing and rapidly spreading, how to regulate health quarantine against the
management of the COVID-19 pandemic in public health emergencies that apply today, and how to reconstruct health quarantine regulations against the COVID-19 pandemic in public health emergencies.Research methods using empirical normative juridical approaches, qualitatively analyzed, with constructivism paradigm, emphasize on the regulation of health quarantine against the COVID-19 pandemic response in
public health emergencies. The results of this study show that the high number of COVID-19 cases and deaths is due to exogenous factors (environment, human behavior, health services and policies) and endogenous factors (viruses and human endurance). Health quarantine regulations in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in public health emergencies are still many weaknesses, due to the harmonization of regulations with each other that have not been synchronized and the implementation of the substance of health quarantine regulation laws has not provided optimal results in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic is not running optimally. Reconstruction of legal substance is required in article 2, Article 44, Article 48, and Article 52 of Law No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine; Article 3 and Article 6 of Government Regulation No. 21 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions; Article 3 and Article 4 of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 9 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for Large-Scale Social Restrictions; and The Decree of the Minister of Health Number HK.01.07/MENKES/413/2020 concerning Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recommendations for the Government so that the central government and local governments synergize, better prepared in the provision of resources. Officers must carry out their duties according to standard operational procedures. The public must actively participate in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic.