Rekonstruksi Pengaturan Eksekusi Obyek Jaminan Fidusia Yang Berkeadilan

Jaminan Fidusia sebagai mana diatur dalam No.42 tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia
(UUJF), pelaksanaan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia telah diatur didalam pasal 15
ayat 2 dan ayat 3 UUJF, terhadap eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia yang dilakukan
Kreditur dengan melibatkan pihak ketiga (debt collector) dalam eksekusi obyek
jaminan fidusia tersebut sangat mencederai debitur (masyarakat) dalam memperoleh
keseimbangan dan keadilan hukum, penarikan paksa tersebut bertentangan dengan
putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Permasalahan dalam
penelitian ini adalah: (1) bagaimana pengaturan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia saat
ini?(2) Mengapa eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia belum berkeadilan? (3) Bagaimana
rekonstruksi pengaturan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia yang berkeadilan? Metode
penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif empiris dengan data sekunder yang
didukung data primer dengan pendekatan koseptual, pendekatan undang – undang,
pendekatan kasus, Study komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa (1)
Pengaturan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia saat ini mendasarkan pada Pasal 15 ayat
(2) dan ayat (3) Undang-Undang Jaminan Fidusia terkait eksekusi jaminan fidusia (2)
Peraturan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia belum berkeadilan karena pihak kreditor
melalui pihak ketiga (debt collector) melakukan penarikan objek jaminan fidusia
bertentangan dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 yang
diperkuat dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 71/PUU-XIX/2021dan Putusan
Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021; (3) Rekonstruksi pengaturan eksekusi
obyek jaminan fidusia yang berkeadilan harus dilakukan melalui upaya mediasi oleh
mediator non hakim. Apabila mediasi berhasil, mediator akan membuat hasil
kesepakatan ke dalam akta perdamian, namun apabila gagal, maka pihak yang merasa
dirugikan akan mengajukan gugatan. Selain itu, masih ada upaya lain yang bisa
dilakukan kreditur dengan memberi kewajiban debitor untuk menghindari eksekusi
obyek jaminan fidusia, yaitu dengan mengasuransikan kendaraan tersebut secara all
risk.
Kata Kunci: Rekonstruksi; Eksekusi; Jaminan Fidusia; Keadilan
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Fiduciary Guarantee as regulated in No.42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantee
(UUJF), the execution of fiduciary guarantee objects has been regulated in article 15
paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 of the UUJF, against the execution of fiduciary guarantee
objects carried out by creditors by involving third parties (debt collectors) in the
execution of fiduciary guarantee objects is very injurious to debtors (the public) in
obtaining legal balance and justice, the forced withdrawal is contrary to the decision of
the Constitutional Court No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. The problems in this study are: (1)
how is the current arrangement for the execution of fiduciary security objects? (2) Why
is the execution of fiduciary security objects not yet fair? (3) How is the reconstruction
of fair fiduciary security object execution arrangements? This research method uses
normative empirical juridical with secondary data supported by primary data with a
conceptual approach, law approach, case approach, and comparative study. The results
of this study found that (1) The current regulation of the execution of fiduciary security
objects is based on Article 15 paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) of the Fiduciary
Guarantee Law related to the execution of fiduciary guarantees (2) The regulation of
the execution of fiduciary security objects has not been fair because the creditor
through a third party (debt collector) withdraws the fiduciary security object contrary
to the Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 which is contrary to the
Constitutional Court Decision. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 which is strengthened by
Constitutional Court Decision No. 71/PUU-XIX/2021 and Constitutional Court
Decision No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021; (3) The reconstruction of fair fiduciary security object
execution regulations must be carried out through mediation efforts by non-judge
mediators. If the mediation is successful, the mediator will make the result of the
agreement into a deed of peace, but if it fails, the aggrieved party will file a lawsuit. In
addition, there are still other efforts that can be made by the creditor by giving the
debtor an obligation to avoid the execution of the fiduciary security object, namely by
insuring the vehicle on an all-risk basis.
Keywords: Reconstruction; Execution; Fiduciary Guarantee; Justice