Wangi, Amalia Galih (2024) Reformulasi Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Dalam Proses Perkara Desersi Bagi Anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia Yang Berkeadilan. Doctoral thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang.
UJIAN TERBUKA AMALIA GALIH.pdf
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Abstract
Tindak Pidana Desersi merupakan tindak pidana militer murni yang tidak dibenarkan pada kalangan TNI. Desersi adalah perbuatan anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia yang meninggalkan dinas tanpa izin terhadap atasannya yang perkaranya diproses melalui sistem peradilan militer yang menentukan berat ringannya putusan terhadap anggota TNI yang melakukan tindak pidana desersi tersebut. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya: (1) Bagaimana pengaturan kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia saat ini ? (2) Mengapa kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia belum berkeadilan ? (3) Bagaimana reformulasi kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia yang berkeadilan untuk masa yang akan datang ? Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian yuridis empiris, suatu penelitian yang menggunakan data primer sebagai data utamanya, sedangkan data sekunder sebagai data penunjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Pengaturan kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia saat ini dalam Pasal 143 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1997 tentang Peradilan Militer yang mengamanatkan kepada Hakim Militer untuk memutus sekurang-kurangnya 6 (enam) bulan sejak berkas perkara diterima dan telah diupayakan pemanggilan 3 (tiga) kali berturut-turut secara sah. Ketua Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia telah mengeluarkan SEMA Nomor: 2 Tahun 2014 tanggal 13 Maret 2014 tentang Penyelesaian Perkara di Pengadilan Tingkat Pertama. (2) Kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia belum berkeadilan dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal, yaitu lemahnya kondisi psikologis, kondisi mental, kondisi kejiwaan, kondisi fisik serta tingkat disiplin prajurit yang bersangkutan. Faktor eksternal, yaitu organisasi dan manajemen seperti tekanan dalam satuan serta penempatan dan penugasan yang tidak sesuai dengan harapan prajurit. Selain itu juga faktor regulasi dan kebijakan yang tidak adil, kebijakan yang berat sebelah serta kurangnya kesejahteraan menjadi pemicu terjadinya tindak pidana militer desersi di kalangan prajurit. (3) Reformulasi kebijakan hukum pidana dalam proses perkara desersi bagi anggota TNI yang berkeadilan untuk masa yang akan datang telah diatur dalam KUHPM, namun rumusan tindak pidana desersi dalam operasi militer selain perang belum terakomodasi dalam rumusan KUHPM. Hal tersebut dibutuhkan reformulasi tindak pidana desersi dalam KUHPM sehingga dapat mendukung pelaksanaan tugas operasi militer selain perang. Selain itu juga pembaharuan KUHPM dalam hal reformulasi rumusan tindak pidana desersi harus berpedoman pada kepentingan pertahanan negara sesuai dengan Pasal 64 Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI, sehingga kepentingan pertahanan negara dapat terlindungi.
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The crime of desertion is a purely military crime that is not permitted within the TNI. Desertion is an act of a member of the Indonesian National Army who leaves service without permission from his superiors, the case of which is processed through the military justice system which determines the severity of the sentence against members of the TNI who commit the criminal act of desertion. The problems in this research include: (1) How are criminal law policies regulated in the process of desertion cases for members of the Indonesian National Army currently? (2) Why is the criminal law policy in the process of desertion cases for members of the Indonesian National Army not yet fair? (3) How is the reformulation of criminal law policy in the process of desertion cases for members of the Indonesian National Army fair for the future? This research method uses an empirical juridical research type, a research that uses primary data as the main data, while secondary data as supporting data. The results of the research show that: (1) The regulation of criminal law policies in the process of desertion cases for members of the Indonesian National Army is currently in Article 143 of Law Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Justice which mandates Military Judges to decide at least 6 (six) months since the case files were received and legal summons have been attempted 3 (three) times in a row. The Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia has issued SEMA Number: 2 of 2014 dated March 13 2014 concerning Settlement of Cases at the Court of First Instance. (2) The criminal law policy in the process of desertion cases for members of the Indonesian National Army has not been fair, influenced by internal factors, namely weak psychological conditions, mental conditions, mental conditions, physical conditions and the level of discipline of the soldiers concerned. External factors, namely organization and management such as pressure within the unit as well as placements and assignments that are not in accordance with soldiers' expectations. Apart from that, unfair regulatory and policy factors, one-sided policies and lack of welfare trigger the military crime of desertion among soldiers. (3) The reformulation of criminal law policies in the process of desertion cases for members of the TNI which is fair for the future has been regulated in the KUHPM, however the formulation of criminal acts of desertion in military operations other than war has not been accommodated in the KUHPM formulation. This requires reformulation of the crime of desertion in the Criminal Code so that it can support the implementation of military operational tasks other than war. Apart from that, the renewal of the KUHPM in terms of reformulating the formulation of the criminal act of desertion must be guided by national defense interests in accordance with Article 64 of Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the TNI, so that national defense interests can be protected.
Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Reformulasi Kebijakan Hukum Pidana; Perkara Desersi; Anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia; Berkeadilan. Criminal Law Policy Reformulation; Desertion Case; Member of the Indonesian National Army; Fair. |
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > 74001 - S3 Hukum |
Depositing User: | Fakultas Hukum S3 |
Date Deposited: | 08 Jun 2024 05:12 |
Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2024 12:54 |
URI: | http://repository.untagsmg.ac.id/id/eprint/511 |